Texarkana, TX
- About the City
- Geography
- Climate and Weather
- Landmarks
- Transport
- Texarkana Local Cuisine
- Museums and Cultural Attractions
- Sports in Texarkana
- Higher Education in Texarkana
- Healthcare in Texarkana
Texarkana, Texas, is a unique twin city located on the Texas-Arkansas border in the heart of the Ark-La-Tex region, known for its shared history, railroad origins, and community motto "Twice as Nice".
About the City
Official Status and Administrative Affiliation
- Full Official Name: Texarkana, Texas .
- Administrative Role: Texarkana is a city in Bowie County and serves as one of the two principal cities of the Texarkana Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) . It is a "twin city" with its counterpart, Texarkana, Arkansas, which lies directly across the state line .
- Country and Region: The city is located in the United States, within the state of Texas. It is situated in the Ark-La-Tex region, a tri-state area where Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas meet . Bowie County and the surrounding area are part of the Piney Woods region of Texas and Arkansas, known for its rolling hills, pine and hardwood forests, and historical ties to the railroad and timber industries.
Historical Names and Nicknames
- Official Motto: "Twice as Nice" .
- Popular Nicknames: The city is known by several nicknames, including "The Texas Side" (to distinguish it from its Arkansas twin), "T-Town", "TK", "Kana", and "Twin City" . The airport code "TXK" is also a common shorthand for the area.
- Origin of the Name: The name "Texarkana" is a portmanteau of Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana . The most popular legend credits Colonel Gus Knobel, a railroad surveyor, with coining the name in the late 1800s by painting it on a plank and nailing it to a tree, proclaiming it would be the name of the future town .
Date of Foundation and Age
- Founding Date: December 8, 1873, when the Texas and Pacific Railroad sold the first town lots . This date is generally recognized as the organization date for both Texarkana cities .
- Age: Based on its founding in 1873, the city is approximately 152 years old as of 2025.
- Founder: The city was born from the convergence of the Cairo and Fulton Railroad and the Texas and Pacific Railroad, which met at the state line. The first town lots were sold by the Texas and Pacific Railroad, with the first buyer being J. W. Davis .
Geographic Location and Coordinates
- Geographic Coordinates: 33°26′14″N 94°04′03″W (33.43722, -94.06750) .
- Location Context: Texarkana is located in the extreme northeastern corner of Texas, directly on the border with Arkansas. It is approximately 180 miles (290 km) northeast of Dallas, Texas, and 72 miles (116 km) north of Shreveport, Louisiana . The city is situated at the junction of several major highways, including Interstate 30, U.S. Highway 59, U.S. Highway 67, U.S. Highway 71, and U.S. Highway 82 . Several creeks run through the area, including Wagner Creek, Cowhorn Creek, Swampoodle Creek, and Days Creek .
- Elevation: The elevation of the city center is approximately 299 feet (91 meters) above sea level .
- Geographic Type: Texarkana is an urban city located in the Gulf Coastal Plain, characterized by flat to gently rolling terrain.
City Type and Economic Specialization
Texarkana's economy is diverse and functions as a regional hub for the Ark-La-Tex area.
- Commercial and Trade Center: From its origins as a railroad town, Texarkana has long been a trading and distribution center for the tri-state region .
- Industrial and Manufacturing Hub: A major economic driver is the Red River Army Depot, located across the line in Arkansas, which is the largest single employer in the area . Manufacturing, retail trade, and healthcare are also significant sectors .
- Transportation Node: The city remains a key transportation crossroads, with the intersection of multiple federal highways and railways . Texarkana Regional Airport (TXK) provides commercial air service.
- Administrative and Education Center: It serves as the seat of government for Bowie County, Texas, and is home to educational institutions like Texarkana College and Texas A&M University-Texarkana .
Population and Demographics
- Population: As of the 2020 census, the population of Texarkana, Texas, was 36,193 . The Texarkana Metropolitan Statistical Area (which includes Bowie County, TX, and Miller County, AR) had a population of approximately 147,000 in 2023 .
- City Class: Texarkana is a small to medium-sized city. It is the principal city of a micropolitan or small metropolitan area.
- Demographic Features: The population is predominantly White (Non-Hispanic) and Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) . The region has a strong veteran community, with the Vietnam War era being the most common service period .
City's "Calling Card" (In Short)
Texarkana is famously known as the "Twin City," uniquely bisected by the Texas-Arkansas state line. Visitors and residents alike can stand in two states at once at the iconic Texarkana Post Office and Federal Courthouse. Rich in railroad history and offering a blend of Texan and Arkansan culture, it serves as a historic gateway to the Ark-La-Tex region.
Geography
Texarkana is situated in the Gulf Coastal Plain, part of the larger Piney Woods ecoregion. The landscape is characterized by low rolling hills, lush pine and hardwood forests, and numerous small creeks and streams that drain the area.
Water Bodies
Several creeks run through the city, including Wagner Creek, Cowhorn Creek, Swampoodle Creek, and Days Creek . These are part of the watershed that eventually feeds into the Sulphur River and Red River systems. The Red River itself is located just a few miles south of the city.
Climate and Weather
Climate Type and General Characteristics
Texarkana has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa), characteristic of the southeastern United States . This climate is defined by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters. Rainfall is abundant throughout the year.
Average Temperatures by Month
The mean daily temperature year-round is 64.0°F (17.8°C) .
- Hottest Month: August, with an average daily maximum of 93.5°F (34.2°C) .
- Coldest Month: January, with an average daily minimum of 33.1°F (0.6°C) .
- Extreme Temperatures: The highest recorded temperature was 117°F (47°C) in 1936. The lowest recorded temperature was -6°F (-21°C) on December 22-23, 1989 .
Precipitation and Humidity
- Average Annual Precipitation: Texarkana receives significant rainfall, averaging around 52.41 inches (1,331 mm) per year . Rain is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year.
- Wettest Months: May and December are typically the wettest months . December averages 5.18 inches (132 mm) of precipitation.
- Snowfall: Snow is infrequent but possible in winter. Average annual snowfall is around 1.0 inch (2.5 cm) on the Texas side, though the Arkansas side averages slightly more .
- Humidity: Humidity levels are highest in the spring and fall and remain high throughout the summer, contributing to the muggy feel of the hottest months.
Seasonality and Best Time to Visit
The best times to visit Texarkana are during the spring (April to May) and fall (September to October). During these months, temperatures are mild and pleasant, ranging from the 60s to low 80s°F (15-28°C), making it ideal for exploring downtown and outdoor events.
- Spring (March-May): Temperatures warm up quickly, with increasing humidity and peak rainfall. The landscape is lush and green.
- Summer (June-August): Hot and humid, with average daily highs in the low 90s°F (33-34°C). Afternoon thunderstorms are common.
- Fall (September-November): Warm and pleasant early on, with cooling temperatures and lower humidity later in the season. This is a comfortable time for outdoor activities.
- Winter (December-February): Mild during the day, but nights can be cold. Temperatures occasionally drop below freezing. Rain is common, but snow is rare.
Landmarks
U.S. Post Office and Courthouse
Perhaps the most iconic landmark in the twin cities, the U.S. Post Office and Courthouse is famous for having its front door and address in Texarkana, Arkansas, and its back door in Texarkana, Texas . A distinctive marble and brass strip running through the building's lobby marks the state line, allowing visitors to stand in two states at once. It is a symbol of the city's unique bi-state identity.
Ace of Clubs House
The Ace of Clubs House is a historic Victorian Italianate home, built in 1885 and now a museum . Legend has it that the house's unique, three-sided shape is inspired by the story that its first owner, James H. Draughon, funded its construction with winnings from a poker game where he held a winning hand of three aces and a club. The house is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and features original furnishings from the 1720s to the 1940s .
Perot Theatre
The Perot Theatre is a beautifully restored historic performing arts venue in downtown Texarkana . Originally opened in 1924 as the Saenger Theatre, it was fully restored in 1979-80 with significant funding from Texarkana natives H. Ross Perot and his sister Bette, in memory of their parents. It was renamed in their honor. The theatre, with its grand architecture and excellent acoustics, hosts a variety of performances throughout the year and is a cornerstone of the city's cultural scene .
Downtown Texarkana and Farmers' Market
Downtown Texarkana is experiencing a period of revitalization, with historic buildings like the Grim Hotel being restored and new businesses, such as a planned bourbon bar, opening . The area comes alive with community events, most notably the Texarkana Farmers' Market, held weekly on Saturdays through the first week of August. The market features local produce, gardening sessions, and contests, fostering a vibrant community atmosphere in the heart of the city .
Transport
Airports
- Texarkana Regional Airport (TXK): Located on the Arkansas side of the city, TXK is the primary airport serving the region. It offers commercial flights to and from Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW), connecting passengers to destinations worldwide .
Major Highways
Texarkana is a major transportation hub, situated at the crossroads of several key highways :
- Interstate 30 (I-30): Runs west from Texarkana to Dallas-Fort Worth and east into Arkansas, connecting to Little Rock.
- Interstate 49 (I-49): Currently runs north from Texarkana into Arkansas, with future plans to extend south into Louisiana, linking to Shreveport.
- U.S. Highway 59, U.S. Highway 67, U.S. Highway 71, and U.S. Highway 82: These federal highways converge in Texarkana, providing regional connectivity across the Ark-La-Tex.
Public Transportation
The Texarkana Urban Transit District (TUTD) operates fixed-route bus services within the twin cities, providing public transportation for residents on both sides of the state line.
Texarkana Local Cuisine
Texarkana's food scene is a delightful crossroads of Southern comfort, Tex-Mex flavors, and classic American fare, reflecting its unique position on the Texas-Arkansas border.
Tex-Mex Favorites
Texarkana boasts a vibrant Tex-Mex scene, with numerous local spots serving up sizzling platters and authentic flavors. Tacos Mi Pueblo on New Boston Road is a local favorite for its no-frills, authentic Mexican food, often described as a "hole-in-the-wall" where the flavor can't be beaten . Their veggie tacos, bursting with freshness, and homemade salsas are highly recommended . For classic sizzling fajitas, Amigo Juan and Loca Luna Mexican Grill are go-to spots, offering generous portions of grilled meats with peppers and onions . Colima's Mexican Food on Summerhill Road is another beloved local gem, known for its comforting, authentic dishes like huevos rancheros and a welcoming, family-like atmosphere .
The Legendary Local Burger
A true culinary landmark in Texarkana is TLC Burgers & Fries, famous for its legendary burgers . A staple of the lunch crowd, TLC is the place to go for a no-nonsense, perfectly crafted burger that has achieved iconic status among locals. Its limited hours—open only for lunch—only add to its allure and make it a must-try experience .
Local Favorites and Sweet Treats
Beyond Tex-Mex and burgers, Texarkana offers a variety of local dining experiences. Subies Deli & Grill is a popular spot for a classic Reuben sandwich and a slice of homemade pie . For those with a sweet tooth, Taste and See is a local destination for chocolate lovers, offering everything from chocolate-covered Twinkies and bacon to rich, creamy gelato . When it comes to Italian food, locals often choose between Chappos Cuisine for a family-friendly pasta and pizza night and Verona Restaurant for a more upscale date-night experience .
Dining with a Purpose
Adding a unique twist to the local food scene is Tacos 4 Life on Mall Drive. This restaurant operates with a mission: for every taco purchased, they help provide a meal to a child in need through their partner feeding initiatives . Beyond its community spirit, the menu is also a draw, featuring creative options like the crowd-favorite coconut shrimp taco with pineapple salsa .
Museums and Cultural Attractions
Texarkana offers a rich tapestry of cultural and historical attractions, from its unique architecture to its celebrated musical heritage.
Museum of Regional History
Housed in the city's oldest standing brick building, constructed in 1879, the Museum of Regional History is the first and oldest museum in the Texarkana metropolitan area, established in 1971 . Its exhibits narrate the story of the region, from the indigenous Caddo people—with displays of their jewelry, pottery, and tools—to the era of Spanish and French explorers, and through to the development of local agriculture and industry .
The museum's most prominent collection is dedicated to the region's profound musical history. It celebrates the lives and work of legendary musicians who got their start in Texarkana, including Scott Joplin, widely recognized as the "Father of Ragtime"; Huddie "Leadbelly" Ledbetter, a iconic folk and blues musician; and avant-garde composer Conlon Nancarrow . A highlight of the collection is one of Scott Joplin's own pianos . The museum also houses the Wilbur Smith Research Library and Archives, containing photographs, rare books, and historical documents . The building itself is listed on the National Register of Historic Places .
The Ace of Clubs House
One of Texarkana's most whimsical architectural landmarks is the Draughon-Moore Ace of Clubs House. Legend has it that Confederate veteran James Draughon won a substantial sum of money—$10,000—in a poker game with a hand that included the ace of clubs. He used his winnings to build this elegant home in 1885, designing it in the shape of a cloverleaf to mimic his lucky card . This Italianate-Victorian structure, with its 22 sides, has been extensively restored and now operates as a museum, offering visitors a glimpse into the lives of Texarkana's high society from 1880 to 1940 .
The Perot Theatre
A centerpiece of the performing arts in Texarkana is the Perot Theatre. It originally opened in 1924 as the Saenger Theatre, an Italian Renaissance-style venue that hosted legendary performers like Will Rogers and Annie Oakley . Today, after a full restoration, the theatre welcomes national and international performers and Broadway touring productions, continuing its legacy as a cultural hub .
The Regional Arts Center
Housed in a restored federal courthouse, the Regional Arts Center is another key cultural institution. It features great local, regional, and national art exhibits, as well as hosting concerts and special events throughout the year .
A Unique Photo Opportunity
No visit to Texarkana is complete without a stop at the U.S. Post Office and Courthouse. This monumental Beaux Arts-style structure, completed in 1933, is uniquely built with pink Texas granite and Arkansas limestone . In front of the building lies "Photographer's Island," where visitors can stand with one foot in Texas and the other in Arkansas, capturing a truly one-of-a-kind souvenir photo .
Sports in Texarkana
While Texarkana may not be home to major league franchises, it has a presence in professional sports and offers various recreational activities for residents and visitors.
Professional Basketball: The Texarkana Panthers
Texarkana is represented in professional basketball by the Texarkana Panthers. Founded in 2013, the team is a franchise of the American Basketball Association (ABA) and competes in the Southwest Division . Although the team is based in the Texarkana metropolitan area, they play their home games at the Hooks High School Gymnasium in nearby Hooks, Texas . The Panthers' organization places a strong emphasis on community outreach, hosting various awareness and appreciation nights, such as for military personnel .
Parks and Recreation
For outdoor enthusiasts and families, Texarkana offers several parks. Spring Lake Park is a large, multifaceted recreational area featuring a dog park, baseball fields, a disc golf course, walking trails, and a pond where visitors can feed the ducks . It's also home to Holiday Springs Water Park, a popular spot to cool off and have fun during the warmer months . For younger children, Kidtopia Park provides an imaginative play space, complete with climbing structures and a maze, situated near a train track and a fire station for added excitement .
Nightlife and Entertainment
Texarkana's sports bar scene offers places to catch a game and socialize. Fat Jacks Oyster and Sports Bar is described as a local legend, though it's noted as being more of an adult-oriented spot . For a more laid-back atmosphere with live music on weekends, Hopkins Icehouse is a popular local haunt . Those looking for craft beer and a good meal can head to Pecan Point Brewing Company, which is recommended for both drinks and dinner .
Higher Education in Texarkana
Texarkana is served by three main institutions of higher learning that provide a range of academic, technical, and professional programs, contributing to the region's educational and economic development .
Texas A&M University-Texarkana (TAMUT)
Texas A&M University-Texarkana (TAMUT) is a comprehensive public university offering bachelor's, master's, and doctoral programs. As part of the prestigious Texas A&M University System, TAMUT focuses on innovation and student success, providing a vibrant campus experience and preparing graduates for professional careers in a variety of fields .
Texarkana College
Texarkana College is a community college that serves as a foundational pillar for affordable, high-quality education in the region. It offers a wide array of academic programs for students planning to transfer to a four-year university, as well as extensive workforce training and continuing education opportunities to meet the needs of the local job market .
University of Arkansas Hope-Texarkana (U of A Hope)
With a campus in close proximity, the University of Arkansas Hope-Texarkana (U of A Hope) provides another vital layer to the region's educational landscape. It focuses on technical training, offering two-year associate degrees for transfer, and community education programs, all designed to equip students with the practical skills needed to succeed in today's workforce .
Healthcare in Texarkana
Texarkana is a regional hub for healthcare, anchored by a major medical center with a long history and a significant, ongoing investment in new facilities.
Wadley Regional Medical Center
Wadley Regional Medical Center is the primary healthcare institution in Texarkana, having served the community for over 120 years . Located at 1000 Pine Street, it is a 163-bed hospital that provides a full range of medical services . As a Level 3 trauma center, it is equipped to handle a wide variety of emergency situations . The hospital offers specialized care including maternity services with a neonatal ICU, cardiovascular services, orthopedics, and neurosurgery . It has a medical school relationship with Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, indicating its role in training future physicians .
In a major development for the region, a new, state-of-the-art Wadley Regional Medical Center is being constructed at the corner of University Ave and W Park Blvd in the rapidly growing northwest part of Texarkana . This $227 million project broke ground in 2021 and is slated to open in the summer of 2025 . The new 254,000-square-foot hospital will initially have 123 beds with the ability to expand to 291, and will feature a 24/7 emergency room, expanded services, and an adjacent 143,000-square-foot Medical Office building . The current downtown campus will remain fully operational until the new facility opens .